\documentclass[11pt]{article}

\begin{document}

$$(x+1)$$
$$3[2+(x+1)]$$
$$\{a,b,c\}$$
$$\$12.55$$

$$3\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)$$
$$3\left[\frac{2}{5}\right]$$
$$3\left\{\frac{2}{5}\right\}$$

$$\left|\frac{x}{x+1}\right|$$

$$\left\{x^2\right.$$

$$\left. \frac{dy}{dx} \right|_{x=1}$$

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
$x$ & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 \\ \hline
$f(x)$ & 10 & 11 & 12 & 13 & 14 \\ \hline

\end{tabular}

\begin{eqnarray*}
5x^2-9&=&x+3\\
4x^2&=&12\\
x^3&=&3\\
x&\approx&\pm1.732
\end{eqnarray*}


\end{document}